Border Collie
Smart, energetic and workaholic.
- Height
- 18–22 in46–56 cm
- Weight
- 30–55 lb14–25 kg
- Lifespan
- 12–14 yrsmedium breed
- Origin
- Scotland & England
- AKC group
- Herding
- Coat
- Double
At a glance
History
Developed in the Anglo-Scottish border region and kept mainly for herding sheep.
The UK Rural Herders family. Collies, corgis and their relatives from British farms. These are the workaholics of the dog world: brilliant, sensitive and happiest with a task.
Personality & habits
Smart, energetic and workaholic.
- Voice
- A vocal dog that will announce visitors and noises.
- With kids
- Friendly with kids and usually patient.
- Other dogs
- Usually fine with other dogs when socialized.
- Home
- Best in a house with a yard.
Size
Exercise & training
Exercise. Very high energy: needs a lot of daily exercise plus a job for its brain, such as herding, agility or scent work. Puppies do better with several short sessions than one long walk, and older dogs need gentler outings.
Training. Learns fast and loves a job. Keep its brain busy with obedience, tricks or dog sports, or it will invent its own work.
Grooming
Double coat: brush at least once a week with a slicker brush and then a comb, and more often when the undercoat sheds, often in spring and fall. Don't shave a double coat: the undercoat insulates against both heat and cold. Moderate, seasonal shedding.
For every dog: trim nails when you can hear them click on the floor, brush teeth daily if you can (a few times a week still helps), and clean ears about once a month, drying them well after baths and swims.
Diet & feeding
- Daily calories
- About 890–1,410 kcal for a healthy adult
- Dry food
- Roughly 2.25–3.5 cups a day at ~400 kcal per cup
Puppies eat four small meals a day at 6 to 12 weeks, drop to three somewhere between 3 and 6 months, and move to two meals a day from about 6 months.
Keep treats, including training treats and table scraps, under 10% of daily calories.
Calories use the resting-energy formula from the Merck Veterinary Manual (70 × body weight in kg0.75) times a maintenance factor of 1.4 to 1.8, so very active or working dogs may need more. Cups assume about 400 kcal per cup; check your food's label. Treat any feeding chart as a starting point and adjust to body condition.
Health
Typical lifespan is 12–14 years. Conditions reported in the breed:
Ask breeders for health-test results from the parents (hips, eyes, and DNA tests where relevant), and schedule yearly vet checkups.
Videos
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Fun fact
A Border Collie named Chaser learned the names of more than 1,000 objects.
Closest relatives
Photo credits
Photos come from Wikimedia Commons and are used under the licenses shown. Only freely licensed photos appear on this site; where none is available, you'll see an illustration.
Sources
- Wikipedia: Border Collie (opens in a new tab)
- AKC breed weight chart (opens in a new tab)
- AKC: Puppy feeding fundamentals (opens in a new tab), bloat (opens in a new tab), treats (opens in a new tab) and grooming (opens in a new tab)
- Merck Veterinary Manual: Nutritional requirements of small animals (opens in a new tab)
Ratings for energy, shedding and the like are our own summaries, informed by these sources. Breed facts were checked in October 2026.